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1矿山植被恢复工程的立地条件矿山植被恢复主要分三个方面:尾矿库、排岩场(排土场、废料场)、采矿坑。1.1尾矿库尾矿库是由多年排放的废水和尾矿砂组成,分为顶部平面与边坡两部分。顶部平面寸草不生,连蚂蚁、蜘蛛、老鼠等都很少见,遇风扬尘四起,是环境恶化的根源。尾矿砂不属于土壤,是无机矿物质粉末沉积后形成的母质,其ph值在8.4以上,通透性极差,植物生长所需要养分含量极低,且有毒元素如铬、铅、锌、砷等含量都较高,栽植物难以成活,即使成活也不能正常生长发育,须采取高科技和超常规措施相结合的绿化方式,确保苗木成活和生长。尾矿库边坡多是地势陡峭、施工困难的坡面(土壤理化性质同上)。此类型地造林不易成活,施工难度也大,且存在滑
1 Site Conditions of Vegetation Restoration Project There are three main aspects of mine vegetation recovery: tailings pond, row rock field (dump, waste yard) and mining pit. 1.1 tailings pond tailings reservoir is discharged from the waste water and tailings sand composition, divided into the top of the plane and the slope of two parts. The top of the planters are not born, even ants, spiders, rats and so on are rare, encounter dust flying dust, is the root cause of environmental degradation. Tailings do not belong to the soil, is the parent material formed after the deposition of inorganic mineral powder, the pH value of 8.4 above, very poor permeability, plant nutrient content required for the very low, and toxic elements such as chromium, lead, zinc, arsenic And other content are higher plants planted to survive, even if they can not survive the normal growth and development, to take high-tech and unconventional measures combined green ways to ensure the survival and growth of seedlings. Most of the tailings slope is steep, difficult construction slope (soil physical and chemical properties Ibid). This type of afforestation is not easy to survive, the construction is also difficult, and there is slippery