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用试验的方法得到在垂直载荷作用下弹簧45°方向应力和最大主应力之间的差异,用有限元法计算了弹簧在横向、垂向加载时的载荷识别系数。根据线路实测动应力识别出转K2型转向架弹簧在运用工况下的2种载荷。最后根据载荷计算出弹簧的应力,利用疲劳损伤模型计算出损伤,得出了2种载荷对疲劳寿命的影响。
The difference between the 45 ° directional stress and the maximum principal stress of the spring under the vertical load is obtained by the experimental method. The load identification coefficient of the spring loaded in the horizontal and vertical direction is calculated by finite element method. Based on the measured dynamic stress of the line, two kinds of loads under the working conditions of the K2 wheel bogie spring are identified. Finally, the stress of the spring is calculated according to the load and the damage is calculated by using the fatigue damage model. The influence of the two kinds of loads on the fatigue life is obtained.