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通过对皖南山区和大别山区的101个小麂的线粒体D-loop区770bp序列的分析,探讨了两个种群的遗传多样性、有效种群大小、历史种群动态和种群间的基因流模式。在101个D-loop区序列中共发现34个单倍型,其中24个分布在皖南种群,10个分布在大别山种群,种群间无共享单倍型。皖南种群线粒体遗传多样性(h=0.952,π=0.0168)明显高于大别山种群(h=0.734,π=0.0077),雌性有效种群(NE=146830)亦大于大别山(NE=19840)。通过歧点分布分析表明在更新世第四间冰期,小麂皖南种群经历过一次大规模的种群扩张事件(在约15.7万年前)。基因流的分析结果显示皖南种群和大别山种群间存在着明显不对等的基因流(MWN→DB=0.36;MDB→WN=75.00)。这种不对称的基因流模式可能反映出在晚更新世冰期循环中,作为天然地理屏障的长江在盛冰期和间冰期对物种扩散的阻隔能力上的差异。
Based on the analysis of the 770 bp sequence of mitochondrial D-loop region in 101 small muntjacs in southern Anhui and Dabie Mountains, the genetic diversity, effective population size, population dynamics and gene flow patterns among populations were discussed. A total of 34 haplotypes were found in 101 D-loop regions, of which 24 were distributed in Wannan population, 10 in Dabieshan population, and no shared haplotype among populations. The mitochondrial genetic diversity (h = 0.952, π = 0.0168) of Wannan population was significantly higher than that of Dabie Mountain population (h = 0.734, π = 0.0077), and that of female population (NE = 146,830) The analysis of the bifurcation distribution shows that during the fourth glacial period of Pleistocene, the population of southern Sable Muntiacus experienced a large-scale population expansion event (about 157,000 years ago). Gene flow analysis showed that there was a significant unequal gene flow between Wannan population and Dabieshan population (MWN → DB = 0.36; MDB → WN = 75.00). This asymmetric gene flow pattern may reflect the difference in ability to block species diffusion during the glacial and interglacial periods of the Yangtze as a natural geographic barrier in the Late Pleistocene glacial cycle.