Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are widely used for data transmission in emerging optical wireless communications (OWC) systems. This paper analyzes the physical processes that limit the bandwidth and cause nonlinearities in the light output of modern, high-
Effect coatings have the unique property of large change of appearance under different viewing conditions. This results in quality control problems of related products. In this letter, samples of metallic panels with effect coatings are visually assessed