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目的探讨离退休老年人的心理状态。方法采用中国科学院心理研究所宋维真教授等编制的心理健康测查表对816例离退休老年人进行测查。结果不论男女其各分量表除HMA外,其余各量表离退休老年人与常模比较均有显著性差异(P＜0．01),离退休老年人各量表分明显高于常模,可能与离退休老年人躯体不适、精神活动不足和某些人心理压力及个性有关,而离退休干部的心理问题明显多于工人。结论离退休老年人存在明显的心理问题及个性问题,干部人员存在的问题较工人多。改善离退休老年人的心理卫生,有利于他们的身心健康。
Objective To explore the psychological status of retired seniors. Methods A total of 816 retired seniors were surveyed by Mental Health Checklist compiled by Professor Song Weizhen, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Results There were significant differences (P <0.01) between the scores of retired seniors and the rest of the remaining scales except for HMA in both subscales of men and women (P <0.01), and the scales of retired seniors were significantly higher than those of norm, May be related to retired elderly physical disability, lack of mental activity and the psychological pressure and personality of some people, and retired cadres were significantly more psychological problems than workers. Conclusion Retired seniors have obvious psychological and personality problems, and cadres have more problems than workers. Improving the mental health of retired seniors will be beneficial to their physical and mental health.