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本文研究了以羧酸根负离子为亲核试剂,以 Ph—CH_2X、(CH_3)_3CX、C_2H_5·CH_3·CHX、C_4H_9X、C_3H_7X、C_2H_5X、CH_3X 为底物的亲核取代反应。结果表明上述反应在相转移催化剂存在下,经超声波辐射比单独使用超声波及机械搅拌法均有较为明显的加速效果。研究中采用了季铵盐为相转移催化剂,在相同条件下,超声波辐射与机械搅拌对照进行,以色谱跟踪,观察反应时间与收率的关系。本实验不以选择最佳反应条件为目的,而旨在相同条件下,对超声波的促进作用加以评估.
In this paper, the nucleophilic substitution reaction of Ph-CH_2X, (CH_3) _3CX, C_2H_5 · CH_3 · CHX, C_4H_9X, C_3H_7X, C_2H_5X and CH_3X with carboxylate anion as nucleophile was studied. The results show that the above reaction in the presence of phase transfer catalyst, the ultrasonic radiation than the ultrasonic and mechanical stirring alone have a more significant acceleration effect. Quaternary ammonium salt was used as phase transfer catalyst in the study. Under the same conditions, ultrasonic irradiation and mechanical stirring control were carried out to observe the relationship between reaction time and yield. The purpose of this experiment is not to select the best reaction conditions, but to the same conditions, the promotion of ultrasound to be assessed.