双边主义是由两个国家(或地区)参加并协商解决问题的一种理论和主张。自20世纪60年代中后期以后,随着美国世界经济霸主地位的丧失,美国已不能从GATT/WTO规则中获取更多的优惠,转而谋求一种更为直接、快捷、有效的贸易体制来扩大进出口,发展经济。双边协定,特别是双边自由贸易协定满足了这种要求,但也对GATT/WTO多边贸易规则产生深远的负面影响。 Bilateralism is a theory and proposition of two countries (or regions) participating in and negotiating a solution to the problem. Since the late 1960s, with the loss of the dominant position of the United States in the world economy, the United States has been unable to obtain more concessions from the GATT / WTO rules and instead seek a more direct, efficient and effective trading system Expand import and export, develop economy. Bilateral agreements, especially bilateral free trade agreements, satisfy such requirements, but they also have far-reaching negative consequences for the GATT / WTO multilateral trade rules.