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铁路在与其他运输方式作比较时,常常引用铁路货物周转量与全国货物周转量的比重这个指标值。而目前在同一年内经常出现两个不等量的指标值。如1988年,铁路货物周转量占全国总货物周转量比重一个数值是71.2%,另一个数值是41.5%。为什么会出现以上两个不同指标值?这要从全国总货物周转量构成分析。全国总货物周转量构成包括:铁路(国家铁路、地方铁路)、公路、水运(沿海、远洋、内河)、民航、管道五个部分。按照研究问题的不同角度,计算铁路货物周转量占全国总货物周转量的比重有两个不同的统计口径:一个称铁路货物周转量占全国现代化运输方式货物总周转量的比重;
When compared with other modes of transportation, the railway often quotes the indicator value of the ratio of the volume of railway freight traffic to the national freight traffic volume. At present, there are often two unequal quota values in the same year. For example, in 1988, a railway freight turnover accounted for 71.2% of the total freight turnover of the country and the other figure was 41.5%. Why are these two different indicators above these values? This should be analyzed from the composition of the country’s total cargo turnover. The country’s total cargo turnover consists of five parts: railways (national railways and local railways), roads and waterways (coastal, oceanic and inland rivers), civil aviation and pipelines. According to different angles of the research question, there are two different statistical calculus for calculating the proportion of railway freight turnover to the total cargo turnover of the country: one is the proportion of railway freight turnover in the total turnover of the country’s modern mode of transport;