1.引言在桥梁的某些大体积混凝土结构(墩台、沉井等)中,为了抵抗计算中无法精确计算的应力(收缩、温差应力等),并为了增加结构对意外荷载(地震力等)的抵抗能力,往往布置一定的构造钢筋。显然,在常规性的验算中,希望把这些钢筋考虑进去。但是,这些钢筋的数量又不满足设计规范中最小钢筋率的要 1. INTRODUCTION In some large-volume concrete structures (piers, caisson etc.) of bridges, in order to resist the stresses that can not be calculated accurately in calculation (shrinkage, thermal stress, etc.) and to increase the effect of structure on accidental loads ) Resistance, tend to layout a certain amount of structural steel. Obviously, in routine checking, it is desirable to take these rebars into account. However, the number of these bars does not meet the minimum design requirements of steel reinforcement to be