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1979年,柬埔寨、老挝和越南进行了几项主要的经济改革,从而开始改变了其1975年以后所采取的社会主义经济政策。起初,这些改革的范围和程序似乎是相同的,但随着时间的推移,各个政府所进行的改革便日益具有其自己的特色。本文对在农业、国有企业和宏观经济等领域所进行的改革进行比较,从而展示这三个曾合称为印度支那的国家所走的不同道路。与此同时,本文还揭示了每个国家的哪些领域特别需要进行改革以便确保社会稳定和可持续经济发展,以及不同的改革策略可能对小地区的经济发展积极性产生什么影响。
In 1979, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam conducted several major economic reforms that began to change the socialist economic policies they adopted since 1975. Initially, the scope and procedures of these reforms appeared to be the same, but over time the reforms undertaken by various Governments became increasingly unique in their own right. This article compares the reforms undertaken in the fields of agriculture, state-owned enterprises and macroeconomics to demonstrate the different paths taken by the three countries collectively known as Indo-China. In the meantime, the paper reveals what areas in each country need special reforms in order to ensure social stability and sustainable economic development, and how the different reform strategies can have an impact on the enthusiasm for economic development in small areas.