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林业是国民经济的重要组成部分.林业建设的根本任务,一方面是生产木材和林产品,以满足社会建设和人民生活的需要;另一方面,也是更重要的一面,是发挥森林的多种效用、保护和改善人类生活的自然环境.因此,林业建设的经济效益,既要从提供木材和林产品的数量及其经济价值来衡量,这是林业建设的直接经济效益;又要从森林的多种公益效能所创造的社会价值来衡量,这是林业建设的间接经济效益.由于林木的生长周期较长,林业建设的直接经济效益需要几年、十几年以至更长的时间才能反映出来,而森林在保持水土、净化空气、改善农业生产条件、保持自然生态平衡等方面的间接经济效益则长期未被人们所认识,直到二次大战以后,人们才从破坏森林引起严重恶果的惨痛教训中开始引起重视.所以,科学地、精确地衡量林业建设的经济效益,是比较困难的,只能作一些初步探讨.
Forestry is an important part of the national economy. The fundamental task of forestry construction, on the one hand, is to produce wood and forest products to meet the needs of social construction and people’s livelihood. On the other hand, and more importantly, Therefore, the economic benefits of forestry construction should be measured by the quantity of timber and forest products provided and their economic value, which is the direct economic benefit of forestry construction; Which is the indirect economic benefit of forestry construction.Due to the longer growth cycle of forest trees, the direct economic benefits of forestry construction will take several years, more than ten years and even longer to be reflected , The indirect economic benefits of forests in maintaining soil and water, purifying air, improving agricultural conditions and maintaining the natural ecological balance have not been recognized for so long until the Second World War that people learned the traumatic lessons of the devastating consequences of forest destruction Began to attract attention.Therefore, scientifically and accurately measure the economic benefits of forestry construction is more difficult, only Some discussed.