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目的:分析环境质量持续恶化、人口结构调整对城镇居民医疗卫生支出的影响。方法:构建非空间面板模型和空间面板模型,运用我国省际面板数据实证研究。结果:环境质量、人口年龄结构及其交互项对城镇居民医疗卫生支出有显著的影响,人口结构转型和环境质量恶化共同推动我国城镇居民医疗卫生支出井喷式增长。结论:人口结构转型、环境质量恶化是我国医疗卫生系统面临着的两大难题,医疗卫生系统的建设和改革必须高度重视这两大挑战。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of the continuous deterioration of environmental quality and the adjustment of population structure on the expenditure on health care for urban residents. Methods: To construct the non-space panel model and the space panel model, and to use the empirical study of the provincial panel data in our country. Results: Environmental quality, population age structure and their interaction items have a significant impact on the expenditure of urban residents on health care. Population structure transformation and deterioration of environmental quality have jointly promoted the blowout growth of medical and health expenditure among urban residents in China. Conclusion: The demographic transition and the worsening of environmental quality are two major problems facing China’s healthcare system. The construction and reform of the health care system must attach great importance to these two major challenges.