啮齿动物是当前种类最多和分布最广的哺乳动物,也是重要的人兽共患病原自然宿主之一。新疆作为我国畜牧业大省,啮齿动物种类繁多,鼠害不仅严重破坏该地区牧场,其携带的病毒也对人类健康造成了潜在威胁。掌握新疆啮齿动物携带未知病毒的种类,为防范啮齿动物源人兽共患病提供参考依据。对采集自新疆阿克苏市的12只乌拉尔田鼠的心、肝、脾、肺、肾等脏器进行病毒宏基因组学分析,根据其结果对细环病毒进行了PCR检测和全基因分析。从6只(50%)乌拉尔田鼠的不同脏器中检测到了细环病毒,包括两个基因型(A1和A2),全长为2 220~2 232nt,编码四个开放阅读框。遗传分析发现该病毒开放阅读框1与英国啮齿动物细环病毒1型同源性最高,为80%,而与其它已知指环病毒同源性低于42.3%。依据国际病毒分类委员会新种判断标准,本研究发现的病毒和啮齿动物细环病毒1型同为该病毒科的一个新种,且属于不同的两个亚种,本研究为了解细环病毒自然多样性和进化动态提供了基础数据。 Rodents are currently the largest and most widely distributed mammals and one of the most important natural hosts for zoonotic pathogens. As a large province of animal husbandry in our country, Xinjiang has a large variety of rodents. Rodent damage not only severely damages pastures in the area, but also poses a potential threat to human health. Grasp the species of rodents carrying unknown viruses in Xinjiang, to provide a reference for preventing rodent origin zoonosis. Aphis-genomic analysis was performed on the heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of 12 Vole Microtus collected from Aksu, Xinjiang. PCR was performed and the whole genome was analyzed based on the results. From 6 (50%) Ural voles in different organs detected in the minitype virus, including two genotypes (A1 and A2), the total length of 2220 ~ 23232, encoding four open reading frames. Genetic analysis revealed that the ORF1 shared the highest homology with Rodenticide Type 1 (80%) in the UK and less than 42.3% homologous to other known RING viruses. According to the new classification standard of the International Virus Classification Committee, the virus and rodenticid virus type 1 found in this study are a new species of the virus family and belong to two different subspecies. In this study, The diversity and evolutionary dynamics provide the basic data.