作者总结了１９８４年～１９９４年儿科Ⅰ型糖尿病患者５９例，７５例次，酮症酶中毒的发生率占７０．６７％，以酮症酸中毒首次发病诊断糖尿病者占糖尿病住院病例的４９．９％，占酮症酸中毒总例次的６９．９％，其中延误诊断者占２７％，误诊误治者占４９．８％，诊断糖尿病拒绝胰岛素治疗者占２４．３％，明确糖尿病诊断且接受胰岛素治疗过程中发生者占酮症酸中毒总例次的３０％。因此，早期诊断、合理应用胰岛素是防止酮症酸中毒发生的关键。 The authors summarized 59 cases of pediatric type I diabetes from 1984 to 1994, 75 cases of which accounted for 70.67% of the ketosis enzyme poisoning. The first onset of ketoacidosis accounted for 49 cases of diabetic inpatients. Accounting for 69.9% of the total cases of ketoacidosis, of which 27% were delayed diagnosis, 49.8% were misdiagnosed and mistaken, 24.3% were diagnosed with diabetes rejecting insulin therapy, and the diagnosis of diabetes was clear And received insulin treatment occurred in ketolytic acidosis accounted for 30% of the total cases. Therefore, the early diagnosis and rational use of insulin is the key to prevent ketoacidosis.