目的了解腹腔镜与开腹子宫肌瘤剔除术对肌瘤残留、复发及妊娠结局的影响。方法对南通市瑞慈医院2011年1月至2013年1月收治的74例子宫肌瘤患者进行抽样,采用完全随机数字表法将其分成研究组和对照组,每组37例。研究组患者予以腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术治疗;对照组患者予以开腹子宫肌瘤剔除术治疗,比较两组患者的临床治疗效果。结果两组患者肌瘤残留率、肌瘤复发率、术后妊娠状况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、住院时间、术后并发症、术后不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术安全有效,值得临床推广。 Objective To understand the effects of laparoscopic and open myomectomy on fibroid residue, recurrence and pregnancy outcome. Methods Totally 74 patients with uterine leiomyoma admitted to Ruici Hospital of Nantong City from January 2011 to January 2013 were randomly divided into study group and control group with 37 cases in each group. Patients in the study group were treated with laparoscopic myomectomy; patients in the control group were treated with open myomectomy, and the clinical effects were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the residual rate of fibroids, the recurrence rate of fibroids and the postoperative pregnancy status (P> 0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative exhaust time, hospital stay, The incidence of postoperative complications and postoperative adverse reactions was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusions Laparoscopic myomectomy is safe and effective, which is worthy of clinical promotion.