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机械通气在新生儿重症监护病房中应用广泛,会使新生儿感到疼痛不适,易发生人机对抗而影响通气效果,目前不推荐常规给予机械通气患儿镇静、镇痛及肌松剂辅助,用药需根据患儿的疼痛评分,早产儿应尽量避免选择苯二氮艹卓类药物。新生儿需慎用肌松剂,应用时需小剂量、短疗程。推荐给予出生体重<1250 g的早产儿在生后早期(<3 d)即开始咖啡因治疗,以减少支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的发生。部分肺水肿、撤机困难的患儿、长时间机械通气(>7 d),可个体化地给予短疗程的利尿剂或糖皮质激素治疗,但不推荐常规用药。
Mechanical ventilation in the neonatal intensive care unit is widely used, will make newborns feel pain and discomfort, prone to confrontation and affect the ventilation effect, is not currently recommended routine mechanical ventilation in children with sedative, analgesic and adjuvant, medication According to children’s pain score, premature children should try to avoid choosing benzodiazepine drugs. Newborns need to be careful with muscle relaxants, the application requires a small dose, short course of treatment. It is recommended that premature infants born at a birth weight of <1250 g begin caffeine treatment early in the postnatal period (<3 days) to reduce the occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Some patients with pulmonary edema and poor weaning may have a short course of diuretic or glucocorticoid treatment given prolonged mechanical ventilation (> 7 days), but routine use is not recommended.