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目的 :探讨儿童臀部坐骨神经损伤的临床特点及处理。方法 :回顾性研究分析 139例儿童臀部坐骨神经损伤的临床资料。损伤原因中药物注射伤 133例 ,锐器伤 4例 ,钝器伤 1例 ,手术误伤 1例。分别进行神经松解术 10 4例 ,神经吻合术 4例 ,胫后肌转移 2例 ,胫前肌转移 1例 ,非手术治疗 10例。结果 :139例中除 10例保守治疗者外 ,139例得到 0 .5～ 2 1年 (平均 8.4)的随访。神经松解术 10 4例中优良者 5 8例 ,占 5 5 .77% ;神经吻合术 4例良 1例 ,占 2 5 % ;肌腱转移术优良者 16例 ,占 76 .19%。结论 :儿童臀部坐骨神经损伤以注射伤为最常见。诊断明确后应尽早手术进行神经探查松解 ,年龄愈小 ,手术越早效果越好。对断裂伤应积极认真进行端端吻合。对上述治疗无效者可通过肌腱转移术 ,对大龄儿童可采用踝关节融合术改善踝关节功能
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of sciatic nerve injury in the buttocks of children. Methods: The clinical data of 139 cases of sciatic nerve injury in the buttocks of children were retrospectively studied. 133 cases of injury caused by drug injection injury, sharp injury in 4 cases, blunt injury in 1 case, surgery in 1 case. 10 4 cases of neurolysis, 4 cases of nerve anastomosis, 2 cases of posterior tibial muscular transfer, 1 case of anterior tibialis anterior muscular transfer, and 10 cases of non-surgical treatment. Results: Of the 139 cases, except for 10 cases of conservative treatment, 139 cases were followed up from 0.5 to 2.1 years (average 8.4). Neurolytic surgery in 104 cases of excellent 58 cases, accounting for 5 5 .77%; 4 cases of nerve anastomosis good in 1 case, 25%; excellent tendon transfer in 16 cases, accounting for 76.19%. Conclusion: Injury to the sciatic nerve of buttocks in children is most common with injection injury. Diagnosis should be as soon as possible after surgical exploration nerve release, the younger, the better the effect of surgery. Fracture injury should be actively carried out end-to-end anastomosis. The treatment of ineffective by tendon transfer, the elderly children may use ankle arthrodesis to improve ankle joint function