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原生泥炭由于其组成中的腐植酸中的羟基而具有相当的阳离子交换容量。将原生泥炭的阳离子交换容量在工业上投资的努力却受到下列因素的打击:(1)原生泥炭对水流的不透性;(2)有机质有从原生泥炭溶出的倾向;和(3)泥炭在pH大约5以上的不稳定性。在高温下用浓的硫酸或磷酸处理泥炭产生一种颗粒状透水的材料。它在pH8—10以下不被浸溶,而且阳离子交换容量比原生泥炭大,这种化学改性的泥炭有效地从水中移除金属离子、阳离子型和盐基性农药。其从受放射污染的水中除去超铀元素时,可与沸石和活性炭媲美。泥炭也已被化学改性生产阳离子交换剂。干燥后的泥炭和化学处理过的泥炭还是从水中移除油滴的凝聚剂。
Native peat has a considerable cation exchange capacity due to the hydroxyl groups in the humic acid in its composition. Efforts to invest industrially in the cation exchange capacity of native peat have been hit by the following factors: (1) impermeability of primary peat to water flow; (2) tendency of organic matter to leach from native peat; and (3) Instability of pH above about 5. Treating peat with concentrated sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid at elevated temperatures produces a granular, water-permeable material. It is not leachable below pH 8-10 and has a higher cation exchange capacity than virgin peat. This chemically modified peat effectively removes metal ions, cationic and salt-based pesticides from water. It removes comparable transuranics from radioactively contaminated water comparable to zeolites and activated carbon. Peat has also been chemically modified to produce cation exchangers. Dried peat and chemically treated peat are also coagulants that remove oil droplets from the water.