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近年来,大学通识教育引起了各级教育主管部门、各高校以及学术界的广泛关注。国内不少高校针对低年级本科生设计了以素质教育为宗旨的通选课方案,对于提高在校学生的整体人文素质起到了良好的作用。不过,应当看到,通识教育在我国才起步不久,其在理念、制度、实践诸层面上还处于摸索阶段。许多问题,例如通识教育的宗旨、手段和内容、通识教育在制度上的可行性、通识教育与专业学习的关系等等,还有待于人们作出更深入的检讨。2005年6月,“中国文化论坛”曾以“中国大学的人文教育”为题召开学术研讨会,来自国内主要高校和研究机构的学者围绕通识教育问题进行了广泛交流(会议论文集已于近期出版:《中国大学的人文教育》,甘阳、陈来、苏力主编,三联书店2006年版)。对于外国文学学科而言,如何将外国文学纳入到大学通识教育中去,如何在更广大的思想文化脉络下确定文学经典的意义,经典阅读在整个大学教育中占有什么位置,这些都是需要深入讨论的问题。这里刊发的《〈莎士比亚与政治哲学〉:一次以经典细读和小班讨论为核心的通识课程试验》介绍了清华大学最近的一门通识课程。这门课程以外国文学经典的细读和讨论为中心,其授课对象为全校所有专业的本科生。附录中选登了几位选课学生的课程论文。这些论文样本表明,经过适当引导,非文学专业的学生不仅对文学经典产生了浓厚兴趣,而且还能在细读文本的基础上提出自己的见解和心得。
In recent years, university general education has aroused widespread concern of educational authorities at all levels, universities and academia. Many domestic colleges and universities designed for low-grade undergraduates to quality education for the purpose of the general election program, to improve the overall humane quality of school students played a good role. However, it should be noted that general education was not started in our country very soon, and it was still at a groping stage in philosophy, system and practice. Many issues, such as the purpose, means and content of general education, the institutional feasibility of general education and the relationship between general education and professional learning, have yet to be further examined. In June 2005, “China Culture Forum” held a symposium titled “Humanities Education in Chinese Universities”. Scholars from major universities and research institutes in China conducted extensive exchanges around general education (Conference Proceedings Recently published: “Humanities Education in Chinese University”, Gan Yang, Chen Lai, Su Li editor, Joint Publishing 2006 edition). For foreign literary studies, how to incorporate foreign literature into college general education, how to define the meaning of literary canon in a broader context of ideology and culture and what position classical reading occupies in the whole university education are all necessary In-depth discussion of the issue. “Shakespeare and Political Philosophy” here: A Generalized Courses Experiment with Classic and Small Class Discussions introduces one of Tsinghua’s most recent general education courses. The course is centered around intensive reading and discussion of foreign literary classics and is offered for undergraduate students of all major fields. Appendices voted several elective course students essay. These essay samples show that, with appropriate guidance, non-literary students not only have a strong interest in literary classics, but also can make their own opinions and feelings based on reading the text.