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一、熏蒸消毒。保护地前茬蔬菜收获后用硫磺、敌敌畏等防虫药剂和锯末点燃熏蒸,密闭24小时可杀死病菌虫卵。二、高温闷棚。一茬蔬菜收获后,密闭大棚或温室,使温度升到50℃以上,连续2～3天进行高温闷棚。作物生长时期也可进行高温杀菌,先浇足水,然后密闭大棚或温室,使温度提高到40～45℃保持15～20分钟,最后迅速降温,能有效的控制病害的发生。三、对流通风。温室后墙留通风口,前缓加底“围裙”,高温季节同时放风,形成空气对流,湿度降低、温度适宜的环境条件,可抑制病害发生。大棚进行两肩放风,既利于降温又利于排湿,控制病菌蔓延。四、控制浇水量。保护地内蒸发量小、湿度大,浇水量应严格控制。浇水量过大往往造成土壤突然降温,回升慢,空气相对湿度增大;根系发育受阻,植株抗逆能力下降,更利于病害的加剧发展。生产上应小水勤浇,灌水后放风排湿。五、软线吊架。软线吊架既节省成本,又减少架杆带病,还利于通风和光照。减少了病原,减轻病害的发生。
First, fumigation disinfection. Preservation of vegetables before harvest with sulfur, dichlorvos and other pest control agents and sawdust lit fumigation, confined 24 hours to kill pathogenic bacteria eggs. Second, boredom high temperature. After harvesting a crop of vegetables, confined greenhouses or greenhouse, the temperature rose above 50 ℃, continuous 2 to 3 days boredom. Crop growth period can also be high-temperature sterilization, first pour enough water, and then sealed greenhouse or greenhouse, the temperature was raised to 40 ~ 45 ℃ for 15 to 20 minutes, the last rapid cooling, can effectively control the occurrence of disease. Third, convection ventilation. Keep the vents behind the greenhouses and gently add aprons at the end. The high-temperature season releases air at the same time to form air convection, reduce the humidity, and adapt to the environmental conditions at a suitable temperature to suppress the occurrence of diseases. Greenhouses on both shoulders venting, both conducive to cooling but also conducive to moisture, control the spread of germs. Fourth, control the amount of water. Protect the ground evaporation, humidity, watering volume should be strictly controlled. Watering too often causes the soil suddenly cooling, slow recovery, air relative humidity increases; root development is hindered, plant resilience decreased, more conducive to the disease intensified development. Production should be small water pouring, drainage after wet drainage. Five, cord hanger. Cord hanger saves costs, but also reduce the frame with sick, but also conducive to ventilation and lighting. Reduce the pathogen, reduce the incidence of disease.