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目的了解2012~2014年福建省麻疹病毒核蛋白N基因的变化。方法应用描述性流行病学方法对2012~2014年福建省麻疹发病情况进行分析。使用Vero/h SLAM细胞对疑似麻疹病例的咽拭子标本进行麻疹病毒分离,经逆转录-聚合酶链反应(Reverse Transcript Polymerase Chain Reaction,RT-PCR)方法扩增麻疹病毒核蛋白N基因羧基末端450核苷酸片段,测序获得序列后进行遗传变异分析。结果 2012~2014年福建省共报告548例麻疹病例,包括1起麻疹爆发和1例麻疹疫苗相关病例。共获得64株麻疹病毒N基因羧基末端片段,经基因型鉴定1例为疫苗株A型,63例为野毒株H1a亚型。野病毒的核苷酸同源性为91%~99.4%,在遗传图谱上分化成两个分支Lineage 1和Lineage 2,两支系之间核苷酸同源性为96.7%~99.0%,氨基酸同源性为96.5%~99.1%。Lineage 1毒株主要分布于2012和2014年,Lineage 2毒株主要分布于2013年,同一年份存在两个分支病毒的同时传播。福建省与同时期中国地区麻疹流行株在N基因羧基末端核苷酸片段上有高度同源性。结论福建省流行的麻疹病毒基因型为H_(1a)亚型,并存在多地区两条麻疹病毒传播链交替流行的趋势。
Objective To understand the changes of the N gene of measles virus nucleoprotein from 2012 to 2014 in Fujian Province. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of measles in Fujian from 2012 to 2014. The measles virus was isolated from the throat swab specimens of suspected measles cases using Vero / h SLAM cells and the carboxy terminal end of the nucleocapsid N gene of measles virus was amplified by Reverse Transcript Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) 450 nucleotide fragments, obtained after sequencing sequence analysis of genetic variation. Results A total of 548 measles cases were reported in Fujian Province from 2012 to 2014, including one case of measles outbreak and one case of measles vaccine. A total of 64 measles virus N-terminal carboxyl terminal fragments were obtained. One genotype was identified as vaccine strain type A, and 63 genotypes were wild type H1a subtypes. Wild-type virus nucleotide homology of 91% to 99.4%, the genetic map into two branches Lineage 1 and Lineage 2, the two nucleotide homology between 96.7% to 99.0%, amino acids Homology was 96.5% ~ 99.1%. Lineage 1 strains were mainly distributed in 2012 and 2014, while Lineage 2 strains were mainly distributed in 2013, with simultaneous dissemination of two branch viruses in the same year. Fujian Province and China during the same period of endemic strains of measles in the N gene carboxy terminal nucleotide fragment has a high degree of homology. Conclusions The genotype of measles virus prevalent in Fujian Province is H 1a subtype, and there is a trend of alternating epidemic spread of two measles viruses in many areas.