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目的了解医院内获得性支气管－肺部感染的发生率及其规律。方法对我院５年来２０６４１例住院病人进行医院内呼吸系感染监测并进行分析。结果医院内感染７５６例，医院内感染发病率３．７％。某中医院内获得性支气管－肺感染３６２例，发病率为１．７５％，居医院内感染首位，６０岁以上的老年人占全组病例的５１．７％。原发病以恶性肿瘤、严重心、肺、脑等慢性消耗性疾病和重大危急手术为主。诱因多为广谱抗生素、免疫抑制剂和激素的应用。以革兰氏阴性菌最多见，大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌和克雷白杆菌分别占前三位。其次为真菌感染，第三为金葡菌。结论讨论了院内肺部感染的发病率、病因与发病机理，提出有关防治措施。
Objective To understand the incidence and regularity of acquired bronchial-pulmonary infection in the hospital. Methods Totally 20641 hospitalized patients in our hospital were monitored and analyzed for respiratory infection in the past five years. Results 756 cases of nosocomial infection, the incidence of nosocomial infections 3.7%. 362 cases of acquired bronchial-lung infection in a Chinese medicine hospital were found, with a prevalence of 1.75%. The highest incidence was nosocomial infection and the elderly over 60 accounted for 51.7% of the total. Primary disease with malignant tumors, severe heart, lung, brain and other chronic wasting disease and major emergency surgery based. Mostly induced by broad-spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents and hormones. The most common gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella accounted for the top three. Followed by fungal infection, the third is Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion The incidence, etiology and pathogenesis of pulmonary nosocomial infection were discussed, and some preventive and control measures were put forward.