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本文介绍了财政联邦制的主要原则及其财政分权的主要模式,然后从语言经济学的视角讨论了少数民族治理及其语言多样性的管理,考察了针对少数民族语言的相关语言政策选择、设计和实施中的最优方案。本文侧重于概念和方法论问题,提供了一组工具,并考察它们如何更好地帮助决策,而非停留在“政府应该做什么”的价值判断上。本文还讨论了政府提供少数民族语言服务的融资问题,以及政策评估和监测工具的使用问题。
This paper introduces the main principles of fiscal federalism and its main modes of fiscal decentralization. Then it discusses the governance of ethnic minorities and their linguistic diversity from the perspective of linguistic economics, examines the choice of relevant linguistic policies for minority languages, Design and implementation of the best program. This article focuses on conceptual and methodological issues, provides a set of tools and examines how they can better help decision-making rather than stay on the value judgments of what the government should do. The paper also discusses the government financing of minority language services and the use of policy assessment and monitoring tools.