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自1987—1990,在长江以南九省(区)采集52个香菇品系,43株制作了孢子印用以检测交配型,又以检测A.B因子位点的等位基因方法测定了担孢子的基因型,保藏了以A_xB_x(或A_xB_y……)标记的标准单核菌丝体,这是建立中国香菇种质库的第一步,将为香菇杂交育种提供有效亲本。结果表明:每一菌株的四个交配型呈随机分配。具有四个交配型的菌株百分率是79%,有二个交配型的香菇菌株百分率是21%。有9个菌株的单核菌丝的基因型从A_1B_1……A_(18)B_(18)不同,A.B因子等位基因差异明显,这些菌株显示了A.B因子的很低的地区性重复频率。本项研究中建立了区分同宗A同宗B以及四个交配型的试验方法,遵循着核移动的规律,这个方法能够重复。
From 1987 to 1990, 52 shiitake mushrooms were collected from nine provinces (districts) south of the Yangtze River. 43 strains of sporoderm were collected to detect the mating type, and the alleles of AB spores were used to determine the genes of basidiospores The standard mononuclear mycelia labeled with A_xB_x (or A_xB_y ...) are preserved. This is the first step in establishing the Chinese shiitake mushroom germplasm and will provide an effective parent for the cross breeding of shiitake mushrooms. The results showed that the four mating patterns of each strain were randomly assigned. The percentage of strains with four mating types is 79% and the percentage of two mating type of mushroom strains is 21%. The genotypes of mononuclear mycelia of 9 strains were different from that of A_1B_1. A_ (18) B_ (18), and the alleles of A.B were significantly different. These strains showed a very low regional repeat frequency of A.B. In this study, we established a test method that distinguishes Tongzong A Tongzong B and four mating patterns and follows the law of nuclear movement. This method can be repeated.