书院之有,始于唐代,盛于宋代,至元代则各路、府、州皆设,明、清仍盛。初止官府,后私人亦设。在官府则置学士负责校刊经籍,徵集遗书,辨明典章,以备顾问、应对。在私人则多是有名学者讲学其间,以授生徒,其特点则是教育教学与学术研究紧密结合,重视读书自学。 College, beginning in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Song Dynasty, to the Yuan Dynasty is the way, government, state are set, Ming and Qing Sheng is still. After the official stop, private also set up. In the government, a bachelor is responsible for the school’s journals, collect the suicide note, identify the code, to prepare consultants to deal with. In private, many famous scholars give lectures in order to teach students, which is characterized by the close combination of education, teaching and academic research, and emphasis on reading self-study.