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目的对威海市2011-2014年艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体筛查阳性标本的确证试验结果进行分析,为威海艾滋病防治工作提供技术支持。方法 2011-2014年威海市辖区内25家筛查实验室,采用第四代酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)及胶体硒试验,对送检的及本筛查中心实验室检出的220例筛查阳性标本,使用蛋白印迹试验(WB)进行确证试验。结果 220例筛查阳性标本中,确证HIV-1抗体阳性185例,阳性率为84.09%;确证阴性11例,阴性率为5.00%;HIV抗体不确定24例,占10.90%。筛查阳性标本来源于医疗、疾病预防控制中心、采供血机构,其中采供血机构的阳性率为63.64%(14/22)。确证的185例中,条带gp160和gp120出现率为100%,p55、p39条带的阳性率分别为62.70%(116例)、61.08%(113例)。在随访到的不确定标本中,条带含有gp160、p24的带型转阳率很高。二次确证有13.92%(11/79)的标本和一次确证的带型不一致。结论 HIV抗体初筛试验结果存在一定的假阳性,HIV抗体结果以WB结果为准;WB试验中不确定标本需做好随访工作,尽量减少潜在新发感染者的流失。一次、二次确证不一致的标本可作为研究新发感染的依据之一。
Objective To analyze the confirmatory test results of HIV-positive HIV-positive specimens from 2011 to 2014 in Weihai, and provide technical support for AIDS prevention and control in Weihai. Methods Twenty-five screening laboratories in the area of Weihai municipality from 2011 to 2014 were used to screen the 220 samples of sieves detected by the fourth-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and colloidal selenium in the laboratory. Check positive samples, the use of Western blotting test (WB) to confirm the test. Results Of the 220 samples positive for screening, 185 were positive for HIV-1 antibody, the positive rate was 84.09%; 11 were confirmed negative, the negative rate was 5.00%; 24 were HIV antibody indeterminate, accounting for 10.90%. Positive samples for screening were from medical centers, disease prevention and control centers, blood collection and delivery agencies, of which 63.64% (14/22) were blood donors. Of the 185 confirmed cases, the positive rates of gp160 and gp120 were 100%, while the positive rates of p55 and p39 were 62.70% (116 cases) and 61.08% (113 cases), respectively. In the follow-up to the uncertain samples, the bands containing gp160, p24 strip positive rate is high. Second confirmed that 13.92% (11/79) of the specimens and inconsistent with a confirmed pattern. Conclusion The screening results of HIV antibody have some false positive results. The results of HIV antibody test are based on the results of WB. The uncertain samples in WB test should be followed up to minimize the potential loss of newly infected persons. Once, twice confirmed the inconsistent specimens can be used as a basis for the study of new infections.