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本文根据第六轮世界价值观调查项目的中国数据,描述了城乡居民阶层认同的分布情况,并运用多元线性回归方法分别考察了职业特征和生活感知两组变量对居民主观阶层认同的影响。研究发现:劳动性质差异、工作独立性和工作权威性等就业过程中的个人职业状态和属性对阶层认同具有显著效应,即脑力劳动比重大、独立完成工作任务程度高以及具备管理他人的工作权力更易获致较高的阶层地位认同;个人生活满意度、生活愉悦度和自评健康状况等主观感知与阶层认同也呈显著的正向关系,体现出社会成员不同维度主观体验之间的连带效应。
Based on the Chinese data from the sixth round of the World Values Survey, this paper describes the distribution of urban and rural residents’ class identities and uses multiple linear regression methods to examine separately the impact of the two groups of variables on occupational subjective class identity. The study found that: the differences in the nature of work, the independence of work and the authority of work in the process of employment of individual occupations and attributes have a significant effect on class identity, that is, a large proportion of mental work, a high degree of independent task to complete the work and have the power to manage others Which is more likely to result in the recognition of higher class status. Subjective perceptions such as personal life satisfaction, happy life and self-rated health status also have a significant positive relationship with class identity, reflecting the co-occurrence effect between subjective experiences of different dimensions of social members.