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炉子热过程数学模型可用来进行炉子结构和操作参数的实验,从而辅助或实现设计和操作的优化。作者等所作的加热炉隔墙、热滑轨和均热炉液芯加热制度的数学模型实验可得到工业试验和物理模型实验所无法得到的结果。本文还综合了作者及合作者针对炉内热交换数学模型实验的重要手段——“段法”的现存难题所作的研究。提出了简化各段间辐射热交换面积的计算方法;在发现段能量平衡方程组具有“主变量性”的基础上开发了“主变量修正法”,保证了求解收敛、简化且精度足够;研究了段法与偏微分方程数值解相结合的模型,使模型包括了流场、对流传热和辐射传热。
The mathematical model of the furnace thermal process can be used to experiment with furnace structure and operating parameters to aid or optimize design and operation. The mathematical model experiments of heating system of furnace wall, hot slide rail and soaking furnace liquid core made by author and others can get the result that industrial experiment and physical model experiment can not get. This article also synthesizes the author and his collaborators’ research on the existent problems of “paragraph method”, which is an important means of experiment in the mathematical model of heat exchange in furnace. A method of simplifying the calculation of radiative heat exchange area between sections was proposed. Based on the finding that the energy balance equation of the section has “main variable”, the “main variable correction method” was developed to ensure that the solution converges, simplifies and the accuracy is sufficient. The model combining the numerical method with the numerical solution of partial differential equations makes the model include flow field, convection heat transfer and radiation heat transfer.