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目的探讨哮喘患者的自我效能感、控制感与机体健康状况的关系。方法采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、内控性、有势力的他人及机遇量表(IPC量表)和健康状况调查问卷(SF-36中文版)对190名住院哮喘患者进行了调查分析。结果1哮喘患者的GSES及IPC量表中的I分量表得分均显著低于常模,而IPC量表中的C分量表得分则显著高于常模。2单因素相关分析显示:哮喘患者的一般自我效能感及控制感均与SF-36中的多个方面存在显著的相关。3多元逐步回归分析显示:一般自我效能感对躯体健康有预测作用,而有势力的他人及一般自我效能感对精神健康有预测作用。结论哮喘患者的自我效能感、控制感等应对资源是影响机体健康状况的重要的心理因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between self-efficacy and control of asthma patients and their health status. Methods A total of 190 inpatients with asthma were investigated using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Internal Control, Influential Others and Opportunity Scale (IPC Scale) and Health Status Questionnaire (SF-36 Chinese version) . Results 1 The score of I component in GSES and IPC scale of asthma patients was significantly lower than that of norm, while the score of C component in IPC scale was significantly higher than that of norm. 2 Univariate analysis showed that general self-efficacy and control of asthma patients were significantly correlated with many aspects of SF-36. 3 Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that general self-efficacy had a predictive effect on physical health, whereas influential others and general self-efficacy had a predictive effect on mental health. Conclusions Self-efficacy, control and other coping styles of asthmatic patients are important psychological factors affecting the health of the body.