在现代社会,父母根据子女生理性别的差异给予其不同的玩具,例如气枪和洋娃娃,会在相当程度上促使儿童进入并扮演符合主流价值期待的社会性别角色的观点已经为人所知。尽管在中国古代社会,传统玩具的性别特征几乎隐而不彰。但在二十世纪初叶,受到西学影响,幼儿教育专家指出,为了使男孩和女孩从生理到心理的成熟发育能够正常开展,他们必须获得“正确”且“合法”的玩具。因此,启蒙知识分子为这些“中国未来的主人翁们”设定了各自的成长路径:男孩应该通过玩弄以气枪、积木和小汽车为典型的军事、创造和机械类玩具而成长为爱国尚武、勇敢好学的男子汉,女孩则应利用洋娃娃、餐具、厨具等模拟家务类的玩具自幼便熟悉一位称职主妇的基本技能。但实际上,专家的方案被证明是纸上谈兵。儿童实际拥有何种玩具首先受制于家庭经济状况,其次取决于玩具本身的外观、玩法等娱乐元素是否具有吸引力。 In modern society, the idea that parents give their different toys, such as air guns and dolls, to a considerable extent in order to motivate children to enter and perform gender roles in line with the mainstream value expectations is already known. Although in ancient Chinese society, the traditional toy sex characteristics almost hidden. However, in the early twentieth century, influenced by Western learning, early childhood education experts pointed out that in order for boys and girls to develop normally from their physiological to psychological maturity, they must obtain toys that are “correct” and “legitimate.” Therefore, the enlightened intellectuals set their own paths of growth for these “future masters of China.” Boys should grow up into patriotic martial arms by playing with the typical military, creative and mechanical toys of airsoft guns, building blocks and cars , Brave and learned men, girls should use dolls, tableware, kitchen utensils and other home-made toys to familiarize themselves with the basic skills of a competent housewife. But in fact, the expert’s program proved to be on paper. What kind of toys a child actually owns is subject to the economic status of the family first, and secondly to the attractiveness of entertainment elements such as the appearance and play of the toy itself.