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“拉倒、拉倒吧”等词语具有话语标记的基本特征和功能,可以视为话语标记。它们的核心语用意义是表达说话者对自己或其交际对象的某种言语、行为的否定性评价,进而制止该言语、行为的继续,其主要语用功能包括表达否定制止功能、语篇连贯功能和话轮转换功能三个方面。除此之外,“拉倒”还有述补短语、抽象义动词、语气助词等用法。“拉倒吧”类话语标记的形成是其祈使小句用法主观化的结果,而其作为抽象义动词和语气助词的用法则经历了一个由述补结构词汇化、语法化的过程。
“Pull down, pull it down,” and other words with the basic features of discourse markers and functions, can be regarded as discourse markers. Their core pragmatic meaning is to express the speaker’s negative evaluation of a certain speech or behavior of himself or his communicative object, and then to stop the continuation of the speech and behavior. The main pragmatic functions include expressing the negative stopping function and discourse coherence Function and turn the wheel function in three aspects. In addition, “pull down ” There are complementary phrases, abstract verbs, modal particles and other usage. The formation of discourse markers such as “拉 倒 吧” is the result of its subjective usage of pray clauses, and its usage as abstract verbs and mood modifiers has undergone a process of lexicalization and grammaticalization by the complement structure.