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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) together with a white matter fiber tracking technique was used to assess different brain white matter structures and functionalities in schizophrenic patients with typical first negative symptoms.For this,30 schizophrenic patients with typical first negative symptoms in an observation group were paired 1:1 according to gender,age,right handedness,and education,with 30 healthy individuals in a control group.Individuals in each group underwent routine MRI and Diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) examination of the brain,and diffusion-tensor tractography (DTT) data was then acquired through whole brain analysis based on voxel and tractography.The results were expressed by fractional anisotropy (FA) values.Also,the schizophrenic patients were evaluated using a positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) as well as a Global Assessment Scale (GAS).Results of the study showed that routine MRIs identified no differences between the two groups.However,compared with the control group,the FA values obtained by DTT from the deep left prefrontal cortex,the right deep temporal lobe,the white matter of the inferior frontal gyrus and part of the corpus callosum were significantly lower in the observation group (P<0.05).PANSS positive scale value in observation group averaged 7.7 ± 1.5,and the negative scale averaged 46.6 ± 5.9,while the general psychopathology scale averaged 65.4 ± 10.3),GAS averaged 53.8 ± 19.2.And importantly,according to a Pearson statistical analysis,the left deep prefrontal cortex,the right deep temporal lobe,the white matter of the inferior frontal gyrus and the FA value of part of the corpus callosum in the observation group has negative correlation to the negative scale (P<0.05),and positive correlation to GAS (P<0.05).In conclusion,the decline in the FA values of the left deep prefrontal cortex,the right deep temporal lobe,the white matter of the inferior frontal gyrus and part of the corpus callosum may relate to schizophrenia with typical first negative symptoms and the application of magnetic resonance imaging DTI-FT can improve diagnostic accuracy.