Agriculture, countryside and farmers have always been hot issues in academia and industry. The solution of three agricultural problems requires the strong cooperation of rural finance. Based on symbiosis theory, the study combines agricultural product supply chain with financial institutions to construct supply chain finance system of agricultural product. It clarifies the roles of symbiosis units in the supply chain finance system, analyses the symbiosis interface of the supply chain finance system, discusses the symbiosis relationship in the supply chain finance system and expounds the impact of external environment on the symbiosis relationships. This study has theoretical guiding significance for reducing the financial risk of agricultural products supply chain and optimizing symbio