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The contents of echinacoside and acteoside in the stems of Cistanche deserticola were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography.Stems of plants of different ages were collected in different seasons,at different stages of bloom,and from oil and non-oil C.deserticola.The extraction method was optimized,and a quick (less than 30 min) and sensitive (LOD 0.005 ug/ml) detection method for echinacoside and acteoside was identified.The concentration of the two active components in the plants varied over different stages of the life cycle.The active component concentration decreased after blooming,and was higher in stems collected in autumn than those collected in spring.The optimal age for harvest was three or more years.In equivalent habitat,the concentrations of echinacoside and acteoside in oil C.deserticola were markedly higher than in non-oil C.deserticola.