玉,是一个文化概念,泛指质地细密、色泽温润的“美石”。美石就是玉,它包括软玉、硬玉、水晶、橄榄石、玉髓等。用玉石制造具有明确文化象征的器物,一般称玉雕、玉器。“玉器”一词,最早见于周朝文献。玉器制作的历史在中国传统手工艺中诞生最早、延续时间最久。人类使用玉材的历史十分久远,但开始制作仅仅是小件的玉质工具。玉器的文化属 Jade, is a cultural concept, refers to the texture of fine, warm color “beautiful stone ”. Beautiful stone is jade, which includes nephrite, jade, crystal, olivine, chalcedony and so on. Jade made with a clear cultural symbol of the utensils, generally known as jade, jade. “Jade ” the word, first seen in Zhou Dynasty literature. The history of jade production in China’s traditional handicraft was born the earliest, the longest duration. The history of human use of jade material is very old, but began to make only jade tools. Jade culture of the genus