Homo sapiens “the wise man”,as the name suggests,is characterized by intelligence and rationality.To better understand human decision rationality,we take an interdisciplinary approach to human risky choice within a synthetic framework of evolutionary biology,life-history theory,and risk sensitive foraging theory.In this talk,I will demonstrate this approach by presenting the results from a series of experiments I conducted in collaboration with other scholars.The aims of these empirical studies are to (1) identify typical risks recurrent in human evolution; (2) search for design features of a kith-and-kin rationality for coping with recurrent risks in managing resources and making inter-temporal choices; and (3) examine contemporary and proximate factors,body mechanisms and neural substrates that either activate or inhibit certain choice preference and decision biases.This synthetic approach helps classify risks,interpret and predict decision biases,and identify psychological and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying human decision making under risk.