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Objective To review Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)and it with the mechanisms of cancer pain.Methods Introduction the TRPV1s region,discovery,molecular structure,distribution,the co-stimulating factor with on cancer pain and the antagonist treatment with cancer pain.Results TRPV1 is one of members of TRP superfamily.TRPV1 can detect noxious stimulus and convert it into action potentials traveling to the central and forming pain sensation.In cancer pain,a number of mediators are released,which modulate TRPV1 activity through various signal pathways or interact with TRPV 1 generating pain or hyperalgesia.Conclusion The widely expressed TRPV1 channel is complex and its function in disease include cancer pain is intricacy.Study on role of TRPV 1 and its mechanisms will help us to understand pain physiology and to develop new analgesic drugs.